Endogenous opioid analgesic immune mechanism

Of pain and pain are the traditional interpretation of neuronal circuits involved in recent years, many scholars have different views on the concept, put forward the immune mechanism of analgesia, in which more concerned about the immune substances opioid-mediated Analgesic effect. Of pain and pain are the traditional interpretation of neuronal circuits involved in recent years, many scholars have different views on the concept, put forward the immune mechanism of analgesia, in which more concerned about the immune substances opioid-mediated Analgesic effect. 1 peripheral opioid receptor 1.1 Distribution of the three types of opioid receptors (μ, δ and κ) expressed in sensory neurons, located in the dorsal root ganglia of the cell body and the primary sensory neurons surrounding the terminal. Zhou, and other experiments showed that capsaicin could be given to the elimination of pre-μ, δ and κ selective agonist analgesic effect, while capsaicin is a selective in the role of primary afferent C fibers of the nerve toxin. Opioid receptor may be located in the peripheral sympathetic postganglionic neurons, but there is evidence does not support this conclusion, in not detected sympathetic ganglion opioid receptor mRNA. Immune cells can be detected in opioid binding sites and opioid receptor expression of transcription, however, this pain still convey the significance of the lack of research. 1.2 when inflammatory changes in the opioid receptor in the dorsal root ganglia synthesis, axonal transport will be responsible for their delivery to nerve endings. Mousa, and other research organizations inflammation of peripheral nerve fibers after the opioid receptors in axonal transport increased, and opioid receptor density of nerve fibers in a marked increase in inflammatory organizations. Moreover, the original did not activate the neurons of the opioid receptor may be a result of inflammation of the Organization of specific conditions (such as the lower pH value) has been activated. Inflammation can damage from the normally high molecular weight or hydrophilic material (such as peptides) diffusion barrier role of the perineurium. In addition, the Organization of inflammation increase in the number of primary afferent nerve endings (L Buds). In short, opioid-like substance in the inflammation of tissues and more on the primary afferent neurons close to the opioid receptor. 2 immune cells produced by opioid Opioid is a natural opiate receptor ligand. The family of three opioid peptides were different from the genes encoding their precursor protein-opioid cortex of the original (POMC), preproenkephalin (PENK) or pre-dynorphin treated on behalf of their respective generation of opioid peptides, that is, within FQ, enkephalin and dynorphin. 3 contain opioid peptides to the immune cells of inflammation of the Organization of Migration In recent years, when the inflammation of prompts study of leukocyte extravasation inflammation may be involved in the endogenous pain control. Mousa, and other studies in rats found that white blood and lymph nodes within macrophages and migration to the inflammation of the skin cells expressed L-selectin. P-selectin and platelet-endothelial adhesion molecule -1 common expression in subcutaneous tissue and lymph nodes of non-inflammatory vascular endothelial cells, inflammation increases. L-selectin and β-endorphin are located in the lymph nodes and inflammation of the tissue on white blood. Prior to the choice of rats fucose-blockers can reduce the polysaccharide containing β-endorphin in the infiltration of inflammatory immune cells, thereby reducing the inflammatory tissue of β-endorphin levels, decreased peripheral endogenous opioid analgesic effect That opioid peptides have a cycle of the inflammatory immune cells from migrating, opiate peptide secretion, resulting in pain, and the whole process of adhesion by specific control mechanisms. 4 opioid peptides from the immune cells to release Within the pituitary, CRH and IL-1β to be β-endorphin and POMC release of endogenous opioid peptides. Peripheral tissue inflammation has a similar mechanism. CRH found in immune cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, and inflammation in the case of expression. Mousa, such as inflammation in the model claw rats after the experiment using autoradiography showed that technical and post-inflammatory lymph node tissue claw CRH receptor and IL-1β expression. Moreover, their pituitary and CRH and IL-1β high-affinity binding site of a similar pharmacological characteristics. Radulovic, and other studies show can lead to stimulation of polysaccharide-mouse Spleen neutrophils, and granulocyte macrophage receptor CRH increased significantly. 5 immune endogenous opioid peptides have analgesic effect 6 Summary Inflammatory pain may be due to the effective control of the nervous system and immune system interactions. Opioid peptides containing the inflammatory immune cells to migrate, the stress, CRH and the role of IL-1 under the opioid peptides released, activating sensory neurons surrounding the peripheral opioid receptors to produce analgesic effect. This reveals a new concept of endogenous pain, pain and immune system will be linked to the development of non-central side of the peripheral analgesic method provides a new way of thinking.