U.S. and British scientists decipher the dysentery amoeba genome

U.S. Genomics Institute of 23 scientists said that they and the British subsidiary of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, to decode the success of a parasitic amoeba - amoebic dysentery genome sequence, the results of this study is expected to To help troubled by the treatment of tens of millions of the world's amoebic dysentery. Amebic dysentery scientific name Entamoeba histolytica, the major human parasitic in the colon, causing amoebic dysentery, and so on, each year the world's 5,000 million people infected with amoebic dysentery, of which about 100,000 people were killed, is the most harm One of the serious infectious diseases. U.S. and British scientists of the study is the first time to carry out an amoeba genome deciphering and analyzing their results published in the 24 published in the UK "Nature" magazine. Amoebic dysentery on the analysis of the genome so that scientists had considered the "original" of a new biological knowledge. They found that, from amoebic dysentery in the natural environment into the intestinal parasite, its genome will be reduced, but at the same time, it from the body of anaerobic bacteria in the gut symbiotic "predatory" and some metabolic Related genes. Over the years, scientists have been that the amoeba is in the range of bacteria and eukaryotes between species, because it lacks the endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, and so have the features of eukaryotes. But the new study revealed that amebic dysentery have a lot more complicated biological genes can, for example, a number of genes responsible for cell membrane receptors, these receptors amoeba can survive changes in the environment into a cell signal. The study also showed that amoebic dysentery genome of about 10% of the gene is responsible for the transfer RNA (tRNA) transcription, this type of gene number "unprecedented" and that they "long lines" in the form of In the genome, the researchers of its function is unclear. In addition, amoebic dysentery there is a series of gene regulation and control of the protein on the surface, this may be it, "escape" the human immune system to identify and attack key, you can explain why it can be hidden in the human digestive system for several years. The researchers believe that the metabolic mechanism of amoebic dysentery and adaptation mechanisms, and may have Giardia, vaginal trichomoniasis are similar, and so on. U.S. Genome Research Institute said that the leaders of the Fraser, amoebic dysentery deciphering of the genome to change in many areas of amoebic dysentery. In the field of diagnosis, a new study found that amoebic dysentery is swallowed intestinal bacteria, also in the same way through the destruction of intestinal cells, so some of the changes in the number of intestinal bacteria, which can be diagnosed as a strain amoeba greater toxicity Targets; in the area of treatment, a new study found that amoebic dysentery and mechanism of the enzyme on the surface of human cells on the surface very different enzyme mechanism, which could become the basis for the development of new drugs.